Housing in Japan

In other cases, the company may not own its own apartment complex, but hold an exclusive lease over one or more independent apartment buildings. In 2003, there were nearly 1.5 million shataku units in Japan. Some offer the room until the employee marries, others will only offer it for the first 3, 4, 5 or more years of employment. Depending on the company policy, some shataku are one-room and only available to single people while other companies offer larger multi-room complexes available to married couples as well. Likewise, there may or may not be a maximum duration which you can lease the shataku, but that too is up to company policy.

In this format, the bathroom and toilet are not mentioned but are included with the exception of some very small 1R or 1Ks. L, D and K are not really separate and are part of or next to the kitchen. Additionally, advertisements quote the sizes of the rooms-most importantly, the living room-with measurements in tatami mats (jō (畳) in Japanese), traditional mats woven from rice straw that are standard sizes: 176 cm by 88 cm (69 inches by 35 inches) in the Tokyo region and 191 cm by 95.5 cm in western Japan. An LDK is bigger than a DK. The number before the letters indicates the number of additional multipurpose rooms. Often the rooms are separated by removable sliding doors, fusuma, so large single rooms can be created.

The area of homes that are advertised for sale or rental is commonly listed in the Japanese unit tsubo (坪), which is approximately the area of two tatami mats (3.3 m2 or 36 sq ft). In recent years, condos/mansions have become more and more popular. On diagrams of the house, individual room sizes are usually measured in tatami, as described above in the interior design section. Compared to 1983, when 64% of owned homes were single-family dwellings, and only 27% were condos, more recent statistics show that the latter make up around 40% of the category now.

Figures from the 2012 Housing and Land Survey conducted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications indicate that Japan had 53,890,900 housing units at the time. Of the units used exclusively for living, 10,893,000 (24.1%) were equipped with an automatic smoke detector. 45,258,000 units (96.6%) were used exclusively for living and 1,605,000 units (3.4%) were used both for living and commercial purposes. Of these, 46,862,900 (86.9%) were occupied and 7,027,900 (13.0%) unoccupied. Of the occupied units, 28,665,900 (61.2%) were owned by the resident household.

Many homes do not include built-in ceiling lights in the living, dining, and bedrooms. Lighting is generally by fluorescent lamps and LED lamps, and most frequently in living areas features a 4-way switch. The lamp has two separate circular fluorescent tubes, together with a nightlight (formally 常夜灯, informally a ナツメ球, natume-kyū, “jujube-bulb” (so-named for the shape)), and the switch cycles between “both bulbs on”, “only one bulb on”, “night light only” and “off”. Kitchens, bathrooms, corridors and genkan are likely to have built-in ceiling fixtures. There are four common types of ceiling connectors and these will generally also support the weight of the light fitting. Instead, they have ceiling receptacles that provide both electrical connection and mechanical support for lighting equipment.

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